A quark is a fundamental particle that had not been thought to exist singly save for the top quark.
In triplets quarks make up particles like protons and neutrons. In pairs it makes particles like mesons.
Quarks are the only fundamental particles that interact through all four of the fundamental forces; strong, weak, electromagnetic and gravity.
6 types: up, down, top, bottom, strange & charm plus their antimatter versions.
The Top is special in that;
1. it was detected singly, as predicted. In fact they detected 62 of them.
2. unlike its lighter quark cousins it's as heavy as a gold atoms nucleus
3. it's thought not to have existed since the big bang.
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